Basal Cell Carcinoma Pamphlet
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What is basal cell carcinoma and what causes it?

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a cancer which usually starts in the skin, where the cells start to over-produce and form an alteration in skin appearance. They are sometimes called a rodent ulcer.

Although the cause is not fully understood, there is strong evidence to suggest that ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can do long-term damage to the skin, which may contribute to the development of basal cell carcinoma.

What types of treatment are used?

Fortunately, BCCs are very slow growing forms of skin cancer and usually remain in the outer layer of the skin. This type of cancer rarely spreads to other parts of the body.

However, if left untreated, they can cause disfigurement. They are therefore best removed and the diagnosis confirmed by sending the tumour (cancerous growth) away to be examined under the microscope. It may take one to two weeks for the results of the biopsy to be ready.

If tumours are small, the complete removal of the tissue for diagnosis will also act as the cure. Occasionally, it is necessary to repair the area with a skin graft or other types of plastic surgery.

What is the future?

Following surgery, if all the cancer has been removed, you should view yourself as 'cured'. However, if you have had one BCC, in a small number of people new BCCs will develop over the years.

Therefore, as with your original skin cancer, you need to examine your skin for any abnormal growths every 3-6 months to detect early warning signs.

Ø Check for any existing or new skin lumps or moles that enlarge, change colour, bleed or itch. Most changes are harmless but they may indicate the start of a skin cancer. See your doctor if in doubt.

Ø Take care whilst in the sun, by wearing protective clothing and using high factor sunscreens (SPF 15+). Wearing a hat with a large brim is recommended.

Ø Avoid strong sunshine during 11am to 2pm if possible. Avoid using sunbeds.

Ø Pass on the message to friends and family about protecting themselves and checking alterations in moles and their skin.