Squamous Cell Carcinoma Pamphlet  

  

Registered Charity

Number 284582

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What is squamous cell carcinoma and what causes it?

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a cancer, which usually starts in the skin, where the cells start to over-produce and form an alteration in skin appearance.

Although the cause is not fully understood, there is strong evidence to suggest that ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can do long-term damage to the skin, which may contribute to the development of squamous cell carcinoma.

Other less common causes are radiation therapy, trauma, chemicals and viruses.

What types of treatment are used?

Fortunately, SCCs are slow growing forms of skin cancer and usually remain in the outer layer of the skin. However, if left untreated, they can disfigure the skin and may eventually spread to other organs of the body (metastasise). They are therefore best removed by surgery. The diagnosis is then confirmed by sending the tumour (cancerous growth) away to be examined under the microscope.  It may take one to two weeks for the results of the biopsy to be ready.

If tumours are small, the removal of the tissue for diagnosis will also act as the cure. Occasionally, it is necessary to repair the area with a skin graft or other types of plastic surgery.

How will I feel after my surgery?

The diagnosis of cancer can produce a wide range of feelings. Most skin cancers are not a serious risk to your health. If you have anything you want to discuss, please contact Joanne Smith, the skin cancer nurse, whose number is on the back of this leaflet.

What is the future?

Squamous cell carcinoma caught early is curable. However, if you have had one SCC, it is possible that others will develop over the years. As with your original skin cancer, you need to examine your skin for any abnormal growths every 3-6 months to detect early warning signs.

Ø Check for any existing or new skin lumps or moles that enlarge, change colour, bleed or itch. Most changes are harmless but they may indicate the start of a skin cancer. See your doctor if in doubt.

Ø Take care whilst in the sun, by wearing protective clothing and using high factor sunscreens (SPF 15+). Wearing a hat with a large brim is recommended.

Ø Avoid strong sunshine during 11am to 2pm if possible. Avoid using sunbeds.

Ø Pass on the message to friends and family about protecting themselves and checking alterations in moles and their skin.

Although rare, in a very small percentage of people, SCCs may recur at the site of removal, or in the surrounding skin. Even more rarely, spread to lymph glands may produce swellings in the neck, armpits or groins, depending on the site of the initial growth. You will be given instructions about where and how often you should examine for lumps.

Any dark patches that develop either at or near the site of the removal of the squamous cell carcinoma or any lumps noted in the neck, armpits or groins should be reported to your doctor.